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Charge
Controllers for PV Solar Systems
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Even
though it is possible, to connect the panels directly to the batteries,
direct connection is not advisable. It is easy to overcharge and damage
the batteries in this manner. It's better to use a charge controller. Charge
controllers are typically used in off-grid photovoltaic power systems. The
primary functions of this controller/regulator are: 1.
To maintain the battery at the highest possible State of Charge (SOC) 2.
Provide the user with the required quantity of electricity 3.
Protect the battery from deep discharge by the loads or protect it from
extended overcharge by the PV array. Most
charge controllers operate via voltage regulation set points. However, as
voltage is not representative of the true SOC, new algorithms are being
developed to evaluate the state of the battery, based on Ah or combined
VAh monitoring. Additional
features such as battery temperature or wire compensation, meters and
alarms can enhance the ability of the charge controller to meet the load
demand and extend battery lifetime. Other
functions such as MPPT, current
conversion, anti-theft protection, load management, pre-payment and data
logging can also now be built into the charge controller. A
Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT or power trackers for short) is an
electronic DC to DC converter that optimizes the match between the solar
array or PV panels and the battery bank, utility power, DC motor, or DC
pump. An MPPT will typically increase power delivered to the system by 10%
to 40%, depending on climate conditions and battery state of charge. Back
to Solar Power Directory For
further information about Renewable
Energy or this area of Texas
contact Terry
Jensen Renewable Energy & Green Services
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